Creative industries · Tax reliefs

Creative Industry Tax Reliefs and Expenditure Credits for UK Companies

UK creative-industry companies may qualify for Corporation Tax reliefs or taxable expenditure credits when they are directly responsible for eligible productions or cultural projects. Which regime applies depends on the type of activity, the project dates, the company’s responsibilities, certification and the qualifying expenditure involved.

AVEC and VGEC are the current regimes for new audiovisual and video-game productions. Theatre, orchestra and museum or gallery projects continue under their respective cultural reliefs. These incentives are not available merely because a business describes itself as creative.

This page is an overview and navigation hub for the creative-industry regimes. It is not a calculation guide for any individual scheme.

Reviewed: August 2026 — technical guidance reviewed by Singletree Accountants Ltd.

The current creative-industry landscape

HMRC currently identifies eight Corporation Tax reliefs and two Corporation Tax expenditure credits for the creative industries. Five of those reliefs are legacy audiovisual and video-game schemes that are retained only for transitional cases, so they should not be treated as generally available to new productions. HMRC’s overview of creative industry tax reliefs is the primary source.

Legacy reliefs

Transitional cases only

  • Film Tax Relief
  • High-end Television Tax Relief
  • Animation Tax Relief
  • Children’s Television Tax Relief
  • Video Games Tax Relief

Cultural reliefs

Continuing regimes

  • Theatre Tax Relief
  • Orchestra Tax Relief
  • Museums and Galleries Exhibition Tax Relief

Expenditure credits

Current audiovisual and games regimes

  • Audio-Visual Expenditure Credit (AVEC)
  • Video Games Expenditure Credit (VGEC)

Reliefs compared with expenditure credits

The two systems reach a benefit in different ways, which is why their headline percentages are not directly comparable cash-benefit percentages.

Tax reliefs

  • May increase allowable expenditure
  • May reduce Corporation Tax
  • May allow qualifying losses to be surrendered for a payable credit

Expenditure credits

  • Are taxable credits calculated using qualifying expenditure
  • Pass through statutory redemption steps
  • May first discharge Corporation Tax or other tax liabilities
  • May result in a payable balance

HMRC publishes detailed guidance for audio-visual expenditure credits and video games expenditure credits, along with a calculator for creative industry claims. Detailed calculations and net-benefit figures are outside the scope of this overview. For the detailed eligibility, expenditure and claim rules, read our guide to the Audio-Visual Expenditure Credit (AVEC). For detailed video-game eligibility, development-cost and claim guidance, read our guide to the Video Games Expenditure Credit (VGEC).

Which regime applies?

The table below maps common creative activities to their current regime and headline statutory rate.

Current UK creative-industry regime and headline statutory rate by activity type.
ActivityCurrent regimeHeadline rateNotes
Film and high-end televisionAVEC34%British certification is normally required. Separate enhanced rules may apply to qualifying independent films or to qualifying UK visual-effects costs.
Animated films, animation television and children’s televisionAVEC39%British certification is normally required for these production categories.
Qualifying independent filmsEnhanced AVEC, commonly referred to as IFTC53%Separate budget, production-date, creative-connection and certification conditions apply and must be reviewed for the specific film.
Qualifying UK visual-effects expenditure on certain film and high-end television productionsAdditional AVEC39%Relevant visual-effects expenditure can fall outside the ordinary 80% cap. Separate detailed conditions apply.
Video gamesVGEC34%BFI British certification is required for the game.
TheatreTheatre Tax Relief40% non-touring / 45% touringSeparate production and expenditure conditions apply.
OrchestrasOrchestra Tax Relief45%Separate concert and expenditure conditions apply.
Museums and galleriesMuseums and Galleries Exhibition Tax Relief40% non-touring / 45% touringSeparate exhibition and expenditure conditions apply.

These are headline statutory rates. They do not represent the same calculation method, they are not guaranteed cash-repayment percentages, and eligibility, qualifying expenditure, Corporation Tax position and redemption mechanics must be reviewed separately for each project. The permanent cultural-relief rates are set out in HMRC’s note on the 40% and 45% theatre, orchestra and museums rates.

The AVEC and VGEC transition

  • AVEC and VGEC became available for qualifying expenditure incurred from 1 January 2024.
  • They became mandatory for new productions from 1 April 2025.
  • The former audiovisual and video-game reliefs cease completely from 1 April 2027.

Transitional treatment depends on the production dates, the principal-photography or development stage, the accounting periods involved and whether the production opted into the newer regime. A project starting before April 2025 does not automatically qualify for a legacy relief, so transitional cases require project-specific review against HMRC’s guidance on the transition to the expenditure credits.

Who may qualify

Across the regimes, the claimant generally needs to meet the following conditions.

Within Corporation Tax

The claimant is a company chargeable to UK Corporation Tax, not an individual, sole trader or partnership.

Directly responsible

The company is directly responsible for the eligible production, concert or exhibition rather than supplying services into it.

Actively involved

The company is actively involved in planning and decision-making for the project throughout the relevant stages.

Contracting and paying

The company directly negotiates, contracts and pays for the relevant rights, goods and services.

For audiovisual productions and video games, that responsibility normally needs to run through the relevant development and production stages rather than only part of the project.

For theatre, orchestra, museum and gallery projects, the company must meet the specific producing and operational conditions attached to that relief. Freelancers, sole traders and creative agencies supplying services into a project do not automatically qualify.

Where BFI certification fits

Film, qualifying television, animation and video games normally need British certification. That is usually obtained through a Cultural Test or, where applicable, an official co-production route. Interim and final certification serve different stages of a project, and certification does not by itself guarantee a valid tax claim.

The BFI sets out the process on its British certification pages. For the scoring areas, evidence and timing in detail, see our BFI Cultural Test support guide.

The broad claim process

At a high level, a creative-industry claim usually follows this sequence. The detail varies by regime.

  1. 1Identify the company responsible for the project.
  2. 2Determine the correct relief or expenditure-credit regime.
  3. 3Check the project dates and any transitional rules.
  4. 4Complete any required cultural certification.
  5. 5Maintain production-level accounting records.
  6. 6Identify and calculate the qualifying expenditure.
  7. 7Complete the required claim computation and supporting information.
  8. 8Submit the additional information form on or before the relevant Company Tax Return.
  9. 9Include CT600P where it is required.
  10. 10Retain supporting evidence and obtain final certification where applicable.

CT600P

For Company Tax Returns submitted on or after 6 April 2026, CT600P is required for creative-industry relief or expenditure-credit claims. The supplementary page covers the listed legacy reliefs, the cultural reliefs, AVEC and VGEC.

The claim must also be reflected correctly in the Company Tax Return itself, and the software, computations and accompanying information must be consistent with each other. CT600P alone does not create a valid claim. HMRC publishes the CT600P supplementary page and its guidance.

The additional information form

The additional information form supports a creative-industry relief or expenditure-credit claim and must be submitted on or before the Company Tax Return carrying the claim.

The information required depends on the regime and the production, and the form may ask for production-level expenditure, calculations, certification details and connected-party information. We do not reproduce the form here; the current HMRC version should always be used.

Records and evidence

The exact evidence expected depends on the relief and the project, but records commonly include the following.

  • Production contracts and rights documentation
  • Budgets and final cost reports
  • Nominal-ledger and production-accounting records
  • Invoices and payment evidence
  • Payroll and freelancer records
  • UK and non-UK expenditure analysis
  • Qualifying and non-qualifying cost classifications
  • Connected-party details
  • BFI certificates where applicable
  • Project income and expenditure by accounting period
  • Claim computations and submitted forms

Common claim risks

Most difficulties we see are practical rather than dramatic. These are the points worth checking early.

  • Using the wrong company as the claimant
  • Selecting the wrong regime for the project dates
  • Treating all creative-business expenditure as qualifying
  • Failing to separate projects or productions
  • Confusing headline rates with the final benefit
  • Inconsistent certification and accounting records
  • Missing the additional information form
  • Omitting CT600P
  • Insufficient UK and non-UK expenditure analysis
  • Failing to identify connected-party transactions
  • Claiming the same cost inconsistently across different incentives
  • Relying on outdated legacy-relief guidance

How Singletree can support

Singletree Accountants Ltd is a boutique, owner-led accountancy and advisory practice. Within an agreed scope, we can help with the following.

  • Identifying the likely regime for further review
  • Reviewing company and project responsibilities
  • Organising project-level accounting records
  • Preparing or reviewing qualifying-expenditure schedules
  • Reconciling claim calculations to the accounts
  • Coordinating BFI certification records with the tax process
  • Preparing Corporation Tax claim documentation within the agreed scope
  • Coordinating with a registered auditor, legal adviser or other specialist where required
  • Maintaining consistency between the computation, additional information form, CT600P and Company Tax Return

The final scope depends on the project type, the production stage, the accounting periods, the quality of the records, the certification status, the complexity of the project and the professional permissions required. We do not promise to maximise, secure or guarantee any claim, and we are not affiliated with or endorsed by the BFI or HMRC.

Creative industry tax relief questions

What are creative industry tax reliefs?

Creative industry tax reliefs are Corporation Tax measures for companies responsible for certain productions and cultural projects. Some operate as reliefs that increase allowable expenditure and can allow a qualifying loss to be surrendered for a payable credit. Others now operate as taxable expenditure credits calculated on qualifying expenditure and applied through statutory redemption steps. HMRC currently identifies eight Corporation Tax reliefs and two Corporation Tax expenditure credits across the creative sector.

Which creative businesses can claim?

The claimant generally needs to be a company within Corporation Tax that is directly responsible for the eligible production, concert or exhibition, actively involved in planning and decision-making, and directly negotiating, contracting and paying for the relevant rights, goods and services. These incentives are not available simply because a business describes itself as creative, so agencies, freelancers and service suppliers do not automatically qualify.

What is the difference between a creative-industry tax relief and an expenditure credit?

A tax relief may increase allowable expenditure, reduce Corporation Tax and allow qualifying losses to be surrendered for a payable credit. An expenditure credit is a taxable credit calculated using qualifying expenditure that passes through statutory redemption steps, may first discharge Corporation Tax or other tax liabilities, and may then result in a payable balance. Because the two systems calculate and apply differently, their headline percentages are not directly comparable cash-benefit percentages.

Which current regime applies to film, television, animation and video games?

New audiovisual productions fall under the Audio-Visual Expenditure Credit and new video games fall under the Video Games Expenditure Credit. Film and high-end television carry a 34% headline rate, animated film, animation television and children’s television carry 39%, qualifying independent films may access an enhanced 53% rate, and qualifying UK visual-effects expenditure may attract an additional 39% treatment. Video games carry a 34% headline rate. Each of these has separate conditions that must be reviewed for the individual project.

Are the old Film, TV, Animation and Video Games Tax Relief schemes still available?

Only for transitional cases. AVEC and VGEC became available for qualifying expenditure incurred from 1 January 2024 and became mandatory for new productions from 1 April 2025. The former audiovisual and video-game reliefs cease completely from 1 April 2027. Whether a legacy relief still applies depends on the production dates, the principal-photography or development stage, the accounting periods involved and whether the production opted into the newer regime, so transitional cases require project-specific review.

Is a BFI certificate required?

Film, qualifying television, animation and video games normally need British certification, obtained through the Cultural Test or, where applicable, an official co-production route. Interim and final certification serve different stages of a project. Certification does not by itself guarantee a valid tax claim, because the company, the project and the expenditure must separately satisfy the tax rules. Theatre, orchestra and museum or gallery projects are not certified by the BFI and have their own conditions.

What is the CT600P Creative Industries supplementary page?

CT600P is the Corporation Tax supplementary page for creative-industry claims. For Company Tax Returns submitted on or after 6 April 2026, CT600P is required for creative-industry relief or expenditure-credit claims, and it covers the listed legacy reliefs, the cultural reliefs, AVEC and VGEC. The claim must also be reflected correctly in the Company Tax Return itself, and the software, computations and accompanying information must all be consistent. Completing CT600P alone does not create a valid claim.

What is the creative-industries additional information form?

The additional information form supports a creative-industry relief or expenditure-credit claim and must be submitted on or before the Company Tax Return carrying that claim. The information required depends on the regime and the production, and the form may call for production-level expenditure, calculations, certification details and connected-party information. Missing the form can put the claim at risk even where the underlying figures are correct.

Can a loss-making company benefit?

It may, but this is not automatic. Under the relief regimes, a qualifying loss may be surrendered for a payable credit. Under the expenditure-credit regimes, the credit is taxable and passes through statutory redemption steps that may first discharge Corporation Tax or other tax liabilities before any balance becomes payable. Whether a payable amount arises depends on the applicable regime, the company’s losses and liabilities and the statutory mechanics, so no payment can be assumed in advance.

Can creative-industry relief be claimed alongside R&D relief, grants or other funding?

Sometimes, but the interactions and the allocation of costs require separate review. The same expenditure cannot simply be claimed twice across different incentives without considering the relevant rules, and grant or subsidy funding can affect how costs are treated. Where a project has mixed funding or overlapping activity, the position should be worked through before any claim is prepared.

How can Singletree support a creative-industry tax claim?

Singletree can help identify the likely regime for further review, examine the company and project responsibilities, organise project-level accounting records, prepare or review qualifying-expenditure schedules, reconcile claim calculations to the accounts, coordinate BFI certification records with the tax process, prepare Corporation Tax claim documentation within the agreed scope and keep the computation, additional information form, CT600P and Company Tax Return consistent. The final scope depends on the project type, production stage, accounting periods, record quality, certification status, complexity and the professional permissions required, and we coordinate with a registered auditor, legal adviser or other specialist where that is needed.

Next step

Talk through a creative-industry project.

It helps to discuss the project or production type, the responsible company, the production stage, the accounting period, the certification status, any existing claim history, the quality of the records and the Corporation Tax deadline you are working towards.

This page provides general information reviewed in August 2026 by Singletree Accountants Ltd. Eligibility and claim treatment depend on individual facts and the rules in force at the time. The BFI decides certification and HMRC determines tax claims. Depending on the project, specialist legal, audit or production-finance input may also be required.